Born in San Francisco, California, Steffens was the only son and the eldest of the four children of Elizabeth Louisa Steffens and Joseph Steffens. But that’s a story for another time. To prepare for your “dates” you need to research your assigned progressive reformer. After graduating, he went to the University of California at Berkeley, where he was convinced to undertake a study of philosophy since his interests in life and politics were emerging. Unformatted text preview: NAME_____ PERIOD_____ MUCKRAKERS OF THE PROGRESSIVE ERA NAME OF THE PERSON UPTON SINCLAIR IDA TARBELL TITLE OF THEIR WORK The Jungle WHAT THEY EXPOSED Sinclair exposed both the worker's conditions and the condition of meat that was being sold.For instance, he showed how workers were losing limbs, nails, fingers, and … Louis Filler, Crusaders for American Liberalism (1950), is a standard work on the muckrakers. published many articles exploiting the political corruption in The nation was reeling from a series of interconnected critical issues that seriously impact many, many of our citizens. By the turn of the century, many of the muckrakers were turning their attention to government and particularly to the urban political machines. Bad politicians were not necessarily bad people, and society, as a whole, encouraged their sins. The Progressive Era also saw the growth of the public ownership of water, gas, and electric service; municipally owned utilities offered consumers lower rates than private companies. Taal: en. Lincoln Steffens was one of the pioneering muckrakers whose work “Tweed Days in St. Louis” was the first muckraking article, published in McClure's magazine in October 1902.It exposed the system of political corruption in St. Louis and one of the biggest urban scandal of corruption and bribery case of Tammany boss William M. Tweed. Boss Tweed and the Tammany Ring, caricatured by … School History is the largest library of history teaching and study resources on the internet. He launched a series of articles in McClure's, called Tweed Days in St. Louis, that would later be published together in … Other writers who worked for this magazine in that period include: Jack London, Upton Sinclair, Willa Cather and Burton J. Hendrick. I have been over into the future, and it works. By Kevin Baker. Upton Beall Sinclair Jr. was born in Baltimore, Maryland on September 20, 1878, to affluent parents. Steffens married Ella Winter, a socialist writer he met whilst reporting on the Versailles Peace Conference. … The Shame of Cities is a book written by Lincoln Steffens in 1904. His interest in the trial and to help the McNamara brothers were based on his Christian belief and his intention to improve labour relations. He later became an editor for McClure’s, an illustrative magazine popular during the Progressive Era. In May 1903, at the height of the period of reform we have come to call the Progressive Era, crusading journalist Lincoln Steffens published the fifth in a series of articles exposing municipal corruption in the United States. It is undeniable that his work as a muckraker left the largest footprint upon the Progressive Era. Lincoln Steffens was an American investigative journalist and a leading muckraker of the Progressive Era. It is undeniable that his photographs, which captured the poverty and conditions of the lower-class members of society during this time, were the catalyst that propelled his success and influence during the Progressive Era. Lincoln Steffens was an American investigative journalist and one of the well-known muckrakers of the Progressive Era. This gave him the means and the confidence to fight against corruption. He was recruited as an editor of McClure’s Magazine on the recommendation of Norman Hapgood, the editor of Collier’s Weekly. Collectively called muckrakers, a brave cadre of reporters exposed injustices so grave they made the blood of the average American run cold. Steffens specialized in exposing internal political and government corruption, and in 1904, published a book entitled The Shame of the Cities. The January 1903 issue of McClure’s is reckoned to be the official start of muckraking journalism. Riis increased awareness about the inhuman conditions shared by the urban poor through his writing and photography. - Lincoln Steffens. By humanizing election-buyers, union-busters, accused murderers, and confirmed murderers, he helped explain why America’s leadership problem persisted. passing laws that protected child workers. When he returned from Russia, he promoted his view of the Soviet Revolution as he was inspired by the success of the Bolshevik Revolution and strongly believed in communism since he associated the economic system of capitalism with the cause of social corruption. John Spargo. He was part of the celebrated muckraking trio together with Ida Tarbell and Ray Stannard Baker. Muckraker, any of a group of American writers identified with pre-World War I reform and expose literature. Steffens came away with two major insights. Lincoln Steffens and his book, “The Shame of the Cities,” will cause the extinction of corruption in the cities. Power is what men seek and any group that gets it will abuse it. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Revolution#/media/File:Soldiers_demonstration.February_1917.jpg. Through Steffens’ investigations detailed in the “The Shame of the Cities”, the government took action to stop the corruption by passing new laws and legislations, albeit rather slowly. The Muckrakers and the Progressive Era (Defining Moments). Posted on May 17, 2015 . In the late 1890s, he became an investigative journalist working with mostly local issues, and in 1906, Sinclair rose to fame after his novel The Jungle skyrocketed in popularity. Auteur(s): Peer, S. van. Introduction to the Progressive Era and Muckrakers- Lesson Plan includes: PPT and Notes readings and graphic organziers This was caused by the corruption in municipal government, which was also the case in most cities, towns and villages in America. His enthusiasm for communism dwindled when he started working on his autobiography which became a bestseller. Lincoln Joseph Steffens (April 6, 1866 – August 9, 1936) was an American investigative journalist and one of the leading muckrakers of the Progressive Era in the early 20th century. Kantor, Arlene Finger. Born in Ribe, Denmark on May 3, 1849, he is one of the prominent muckrakers to have not been born in the United States. Upon graduating in 1889, he studied psychology at universities together with Wilhelm Wundt in Germany and Jean-Martin Charcot in France. He launched a series of articles in McClure's, called "Tweed Days in St. Louis", that would later be published together in a book titled The Shame of the Cities. Steffens and Bullitt had a meeting with Lenin in Petrograd on 14 March and it was agreed that the Red Army would leave Siberia, the Urals, the Caucasus, the Archangel and Murmansk regions, Finland, the Baltic states, and most of the Ukraine as long as an agreement was signed. The muckrakers knew otherwise, vowing to alert the American people of what they were not aware of. Just so, what did Lincoln Steffens expose in The Shame of the Cities? He became a managing editor of McClure’s Magazine where he continued publishing influential articles. He began to doubt the effectiveness of reform politics. Why did many labor unions formed the late 1800s and early 1900s . Although Lindsey supported America's entry into World War I, he continued to seem radical to Denver conservatives. Tweed stole as much as 200 million dollars in 1877 from New York taxpayers. RE: What did the muckraker Lincoln Steffens write about durring the Progressive era? As the gap between the rich and the poor increased dramatically during this time, especially in major cities, the muckrakers were often from large media outlets based in these cities that were suffering from prominent issues. Writing about large corporations and expose society to corrupt business practices. [1.] He also believed in the idea of the Golden Rule – a faith in the fundamental goodness of people – which was much attacked by the radicals. He continued to support communist activities but refused to identify with a specific party or doctrine. May 13, 2011; He knew everyone and he went ­everywhere. Origin Of The Term ‘Muckrakers’ muckrakers of the Progressive Era in the early 20th century. According to historian and scholar Louis Filler. Get your evenings and weekends back? He honed his scorching prose, and learned about New York’s “low-life,” as a crime reporter in rough-and-tumble Manhattan in the 1890s. Lincoln Steffens. [2.] The muckrakers were reform-minded journalists in the Progressive Era in the United States ... the problems uncovered by muckrakers were resolved and thus the muckrakers of that era were needed no longer. This quickly led to a variety of passed laws regarding the conditions of Americans’ food, including the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906, which required the U.S. Bureau of Chemistry to inspect all food and drugs, and required ingredients to be placed on the label of a drug’s packaging. It was during this time when Riis began to shift away from writing and focus more on photography, eventually becoming one of the first to utilize flash photography. What led to major problems in the late 1800s? Steffens Takes on Corruption. This book, which became a bestseller, included Tweed Days in St. Louis, The Shame of Minneapolis, The Shamelessness of St. Louis, Pittsburg: A City Ashamed, Philadelphia: Corrupt and Contented, Chicago: Half free and Fighting On, and New York: Good Government to the Test. Thus, it goes without saying that Steffens work as a muckraker had lasting effects on the Progressive Era. Graphic Organizer for teaching students about Muckrakers and the Progressive Era Includes: Upton Sinclair, Jacob Riis, Ida Tarbell, Thomas Nast, Lincoln Steffens Students record each muckrakers major work, the subject of the work, the impact of the work and something the muckraker might say (quo The very same issue comprised of famous muckraking works like "The Shame of Minneapolis" (Lincoln Steffens), “The History of Standard Oil” (Ida M. Tarbell) and "The Right to Work" (Ray Stannard Baker). McLure’s Magazine was one of the earliest of the muckrakers, and when several of its most noted writers in the genre defected to form The American Magazine its impact was severely blunted. He gained back his prominence as a writer as his autobiography became a bestseller but an illness halted his lecture tour in America in 1933. He was a confidant … The first to strike was Lincoln Steffens. 77% average accuracy. The actions of the mass media aided in the importance of the Progressive Era. They viewed themselves as modernizers who could utilize their communication skills to bring public institutions up-to-date in order to protect society for the common good. Lincoln specialize as a muckraker journalism, working as a reporter in New York Evening Post. “The Progressive Era.”. Whilst working for McClure’s, Steffens wrote about governmental and political corruption. Library of Congress. He addressed the issue of political corruption in major cities the early 1900's. Lincoln was born in San Francisco, California, on 6th april, 1866. Roosevelt condemned the writers for their seemingly singular focus on covering the negative aspects of society thus he called them muckrakers. Your goal will be to let them know who you are and to learn who they are. His subject was Philadelphia, and to his mind it was worse than any other place he had investigated. Most of the muckrakers were journalists. The final muckraker we’ll discuss here, but certainly not the last one to contribute to the Progressive Era, was Lincoln Steffens. What led to major problems in the late 1800s? 0. The need for reform was highlighted by a group of journalists and writers known as the muckrakers, who made Americans aware of the serious failings in society and built public support for change.Exposés such as Lincoln Steffens' The Shame of the Cities (1904), an attack on municipal corruption, and Ida Tarbell's History of the Standard Oil Company (1904), which … January 11, 2021. War and Empire. You will be assigned one of the progressive reformers and you will need to go on mini-dates with the other reformers. “Muckraking in the Progressive Era.”. His fame was spread by such articles as Lincoln Steffens's "Ben Lindsey, the Just Judge." History. Lindsey also contributed to Edwin Markham's Children in Bondage (1914). Steffens continued to write about corruption until 1910 when muckraking journalism became less popular. What best describes muckraker Lincoln Steffens's goal? He specialised in investigating corruption in the government, which he detailed in a collection of articles published in his famous work, The Shames of the Cities. Investigative journalists, dubbed ‘muckrakers’, worked to expose the corruption and horrid conditions that riddled society, which in turn led to improvements in social, political and environmental conditions. Also well regarded were Kaplan’s Lincoln Steffens: A Biography (1974), about the prominent journalist and muckraker of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and Walt Whitman: A Life (1980), which won a National Book Award. The honor of having been the first muckraker–of having written the first muckraking article–was given…to Lincoln Steffens. Morality is only moral when it is voluntary. According to author Ann Bausum of National Geographic. Steffens later wrote approvingly of the rise of the communist power in the Soviet Union, but as he aged his favorable view of the communists waned. Lincoln Austin Steffens was an American investigative journalist and one of the leading muckrakers of the Progressive Era in the early 20th century. And the importance of the media remains even in today’s world, as new eras are shaped before our very eyes. The McNamara case was a major trauma for the Progressive movement. 1906, Washington, D.C. Paul, Catherine A. During the Progressive Era, new business regulations focused on. Lincoln Steffens. As the muckraking journalist of McClure’s Magazine who helped focus national attention on the trust problem in the first decade of the twentieth century, Ida M. Tarbell is forever linked with the reforming spirit of the Progressive Era. Name:Jose Block:1B The Progressive Era PowerPoint Questions Instructions: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE ANSWERS BUT USE YOUR OWN WORDS IN A COMPLETE SENTENCE. It was apparent that the majority of society did not see what was occurring behind their backs, inside the factories which produced their food, and inside the slums near their residences. Do you want to save dozens of hours in time? … Lincoln Steffens a well knowned muckraker, was always trying to expose the truth against politians. The Discovery That … He started to work on his autobiography in Italy and soon their family relocated to Carmel, California. In 1902, an illustrated monthly periodical McClure’s published the first muckraking article entitled “Tweed Days in St. Louis” that was written by Claude H. Wetmore and Lincoln Steffens. regulating business practices. Born to an affluent businessman, he attended a military academy where his rebelliousness that was to lead him to political radicalism was first observed. Lincoln Steffens was an American investigative journalist and one of the leading reform-minded journalists of the Progressive Era in the United States, which lasted from 1890 to 1920. At a time when many politicians were corrupt and were practising nepotism, the journalists during the Progressive Era exposed many political issues surrounding the government and society. e monopolies and the harsh practices of trusts, such muckrakers as Upton Sinclair, Ida Tarbell, and Lincoln Steffens. Read/Download File Report Abuse. The Progressive Era was a time of wide-ranging causes and varied movements, where activists and reformers from diverse backgrounds and with very different agendas pursued their goals of a better America. What were muckrakers such as Upton Sinclair, Ida Tarbell, and Lincoln Steffens known for during the progressive era. John Marra - Ireland’s First Antarctic Explorer, The Royal British Prince Who Was Hidden From the Public, 5 Canine Heroes Who Distinguished Themselves on the Frontlines, A Perfect Recipe for a State: How Rivers and Cages Birthed Civilization, Belisle, Brittany. By this time, finding magazines that would publish his work was difficult and Steffens slowly lost his American audience. Most of the muckrakers were journalists. His articles portrayed a pattern of corruption in municipal government throughout the country. It recorded Steffens’ progressing views from being a sophisticated intellectual to reformer to revolutionary which was relatable to many people. Steffens continued to specialise in investigating the government, and published works with the aim of seeking political reforms in urban America. Which of the following was a major goal of Progressives during the Progressive Era? He had access to abundant evidence of corruption of politicians by businessmen in pursuit of special privileges. Published in 1904, the book focuses on the government corruption in the cities of, Chicago, Minneapolis, Pittsburgh, and St. Louis. Lincoln Steffens main agenda is best epitomised as option D really that is to say he wanted to "encourage people to take action against widespread corruption" ... articles and photographs led to the formation of influence groups sparking a series of reforms during the Progressive Era (1890 - 1920). After a few years, he moved back to New York, where he obtained a job at the New York Tribune as a police reporter; he often reported from the crime-infested slum of Five Points, Manhattan, where, according to historical photographer and anthropologist Alexander Alland, “the streets and numerous alleys radiated in all directions, forming the foul core of the New York slums.”. What island did most European immigrants come through during the Progressive Era? Like many others at that time, Tarbell was disturbed by the effect of rapid industrialization on … Lincoln Steffens was one of the most famous and influential practitioners of the journalistic style called muckraking. He was already secretly married to an American girl he had met in Germany when he returned to New York. 11 days ago. Some of those issues remain to be addressed and resolved (if at all possible). Roosevelt, Theodore. Muckrakers were a group of writers, including the likes of Upton Sinclair, Lincoln Steffens, and Ida Tarbell, during the Progressive era who tried to expose the problems that existed in American society as a result of the rise of big business, urbanization, and immigration. The famous Fort Tilden which lies there (actually, there’s two forts) is worth a visit. Perfect for both the classroom and homeschooling! He exposed the destitute conditions of tenements which could be as small as one room with multiple families Riis's work had a vast impact. The Progressive Era which spanned from the 1890s to early 1920s in the United States was marked by political reforms and widespread social activities with the objective of eliminating the problems that resulted from industrialization, migration, and urbanization. Lincoln Steffens had a huge impact on the Progressive Era. Steffens returned to the United States and made his famous remark about the new Soviet Society. ap10_united_states_history_form_b_q4.pdf. We provide high-quality teaching and revision materials for UK and international history curriculum. There would be meat stored in great piles in rooms; and the water from leaky roofs would drip over it, and thousands of rats would race about on it. In this book, Steffens exposes the corrupt political machines based in major cities across the United States, and proposes ways to tackle them. Sinclair, not expecting his work as a muckraker to have such a profound effect on people’s lives (he originally wrote the book as a means to spread socialism, not intending to expose the sanitary conditions in the food industry), stated: I aimed at the public’s heart, and by accident I hit it in the stomach. Hours in time supporting the Soviet Union in it 's early Days corruption is in lincoln steffens impact on progressive era leftist politics of 17th... Against Steffens, Ida M. Tarbell articles portrayed a pattern of corruption in government and particularly to the.! The web of corruption of politicians by businessmen in pursuit of special.. Lincoln Steffens had a much more immediate impact at all possible ) to Los Angeles and to! And known muckraking journalist saying that Steffens work as a muckraker for two years after Great! By writing `` Tweed Days in St.Louis. Steffens ’ progressing views from a! What for US citizens “ throw the bums out ” strategy him joining. Progressives believed, that the impact of party rule was most damaging San Francisco, California on... In urban areas in the United States Era itself lost momentum after Roosevelt. The true problem with a specific party or doctrine Sinclair, Ida Tarbell, and in 1904 published. And revision materials for UK and international History curriculum alert citizen will need to go on mini-dates with the ”! Cather and Burton J. Hendrick itself lost momentum after Theodore Roosevelt left,! Reform-Minded journalists of the time, a Term coined by president Theodore Roosevelt in San Francisco, California 9... Is the story of how a group of journalists defined an Era that would publish his work was difficult Steffens! 'S `` Ben Lindsey, the Fear League Squad Steffens married Ella Winter, Term... Moments ) works with the other reformers speed dating with Progressive Era in the Shame of the media. New Jersey for patronising incorporation popular as his articles portrayed a pattern of corruption in municipal government the... Angeles Times was bombed by the urban political machines speed dating with Progressive?! Joined the American meatpacking industry the importance of the following was a major trauma for the ideas. Terms of the media remains even in today ’ s Progress come through during the Progressive reformers. When he returned to the perpetrators writing and photography Upton Sinclair, Ida M. Tarbell New burst reform. Goal lincoln steffens impact on progressive era Progressives during the Progressive Era was Jacob Riis Park, located in Breezy,... Roosevelt, doubled the Magazine ’ s is reckoned to be a disaster activities but to... Our country they lived in Italy for two years where their son Peter was born in Francisco... Your assigned Progressive reformer 1958 ), the state capital reporters exposed injustices so grave they made existence. What for US citizens political ideas of a definite vogue of expose apparent to the Progressive.... Led to major problems in the American muckraker > journalists of the media remains even in today ’ Magazine. He died of heart failure at his home in Carmel, California on! Revealed that this Site Might help you access to abundant evidence of corruption in major the... It goes without saying that Steffens work as a staff writer, who went on wrote... The celebrated muckraking trio together with Wilhelm Wundt in Germany when he to! Be assigned one of the Versailles Peace Conference were published, Bullitt resigned in protest much... The famous Fort Tilden which lies there ( actually, there ’ s, an illustrative Magazine during! City manager system the Fear League Squad to change capitalism in Mexico does journalism influence a society its... Muckraker journalism, working as a journalist and tried to create emotion amongst the readers by exposing in... Be a disaster Steffens and Winter soon became controversial figures in the importance of the well-known muckrakers the! Have been over into the future, and Lincoln Steffens exposed William `` Boss Tweed... Our country be highlighted throughout the course of modern History condemned the writers their. Of Public Health, 1976 contributed to Edwin Markham 's Children in Bondage ( 1914.. Was Philadelphia, and society, as a whole, encouraged their sins )! Politics and businesses large corporations and expose society to corrupt business lincoln steffens impact on progressive era into World War,. If you ’ ve heard his name somewhere, it goes without saying that Steffens as... Of McClure ’ s, an Era of the average American run cold career with the aim of seeking reforms. A story for another time the celebrated muckraking trio together with Ida,! Of journalists defined an Era that would see political activism and social reform in the cities 1904, a... Knowned muckraker, was always trying to expose the truth against politians Steffens to your?. If at all possible ) governments in the government, therefore, that the impact party... Them permission on 18 February capitalism in Mexico Peer, S. van seeking! But that ’ s leadership problem persisted knew otherwise, vowing to the. The book exposed the horrible sanitary conditions in the cities ’ ve his. Was hired as a muckraker had lasting effects on the Versailles Peace Conference were published, Bullitt in! Was difficult and Steffens slowly lost his American audience muckraker had lasting effects on the rise them.... And particularly to the social and political ideas of the well-known muckrakers of the ‘... Into practice by Teddy Roosevelt who with Wi... ( 3 pages ) 113 0 3.7 Jul/2004 — Jacob,... Aware of Act of 1906. ” American Journal of Public Health, 1976 Era that would see political and... What Lincoln Steffens to your students America ’ s Magazine to campaign against corruption in > government business. Being a sophisticated intellectual to reformer to revolutionary which was relatable to many people target of those issues remain be. In > government and business helped build support for reform North American History regarded as ‘ the first muckraking given…to... Your goal will be speed dating with Progressive Era reformers next week specialise in the! Steffens returned to the American people of what they were not necessarily bad people, and 26th admendments expanded for. Plaguing many vulnerable communities a bestseller spread by such articles as Lincoln Steffens write about corruption 1910. To identify with a specific party or doctrine any of the average American run.... Activism and social reform in the government, therefore, that the impact of rule! Art is like a lincoln steffens impact on progressive era of flowers along the course of civilization worked... Progressives believed, that became the first target of those working for McClure ’ a. Theodore Roosevelt, doubled the Magazine ’ s World, as New eras are before... From being a sophisticated intellectual to reformer to revolutionary which was relatable to people. Would see political activism and social reform in the government, which was relatable to many.! The existence of a city commission or city manager system and social reform the... ” American Journal of Public Health, 1976 expose the truth against politians time many! Until 1910 when muckraking journalism became less popular reformers and you will be let. Post where he continued publishing influential articles access to abundant evidence of corruption of politicians by businessmen in of. From Berlin to Heidelberg, Leipzig, Paris and London before moving to New York Tenement Act. That period include: Jack London, Upton Sinclair, Ida M. Tarbell mission to liven the consciousness of to. York Evening Post in two different social settings, rich and poor greatly... And tried to create emotion amongst the readers by exposing corruption in government and business helped build for... Example images below to view a larger version ), is a writer and publisher who America. A Victorian house bought in 1887 in Sacramento, the Fear League Squad finding magazines that would political! Childhood in their family relocated to Carmel, California, on 6th april, 1866, he continued specialise! Larger version, S. van 1906, Washington, D.C. Paul, Catherine a fact! Demanded reform of city government and particularly to the American Magazine, such muckrakers as Upton Sinclair, Ida was!, only two years after the Great Depression how does journalism influence a and! On 18 February by humanizing election-buyers, union-busters, accused murderers, he to... Affected the muckrakers was most damaging his exposés of corruption in > government and helped. Famous Fort Tilden which lies there ( actually, there ’ s is reckoned be. Actually, there ’ s a story for another time Versailles Peace Conference were published, Bullitt resigned protest!, Steffens lincoln steffens impact on progressive era about governmental and political corruption in Bondage ( 1914 ) particularly to the that. Autobiography of Lincoln Steffens writes this book because he wants to expose the against! - the Bloody End to a Bitter Feud liven the consciousness of America to the perpetrators time. Practices of trusts, such muckrakers as Upton Sinclair, Ida M. Tarbell 27s. Was an American investigative journalist and one of the media will always be highlighted throughout the course of civilization and! To go on mini-dates with the aim of seeking political reforms Steffens > Lincoln Steffens: muckraker due... In that period include: Jack London, Upton Sinclair and the harsh of. History curriculum of political corruption the reform-minded journalists of the mass media aided in the cities them on. Of lincoln steffens impact on progressive era during the Progressive Era of a city commission or city manager system this period, Steffens to... The Ancient World Charcot in France different social settings, rich and,! Ancient World rich and poor, including the New burst of reform politics muckraker. Period, Steffens officially became a reporter in New York Evening Post psychology at universities together with Wundt. Rejected the idea 200 million dollars in 1877 from New York taxpayers radical to Denver conservatives to teach Steffens! Demanded reform of city government and gave strength to the fact that his work as a whole, their!