Thus, this is all about an overview of switchgear. Low Voltage Switchgear (LV): The power system which deals up to 1KV is named as LV or low voltage switchgear. They produce an output signal in the form of some variation in resistance, capacitance or any other electrical parameter, which than has to be converted to an equivalent current or voltage signal. For industrial applications, a transformer and switchgear line-up may be combined in one housing, called a unitized substation (USS). In an electric power system, switchgear is composed of electrical disconnect switches, fuses or circuit breakers used to control, protect and isolate electrical equipment. For voltages beyond 66 kV, we install outdoor switchgear equipment. Electrical Bus-Bar and its Types Definition: An electrical bus bar is defined as a conductor or a group of conductor used for collecting electric power from the incoming feeders and distributes them to the outgoing feeders.In other words, it is a type of electrical junction in which all the incoming and outgoing electrical current meets. - Structure & Tuning Methods. Metal-Enclosed Switchgear: This is an earthed metallic enclosure, made of supreme quality sheet steel that houses different types … A protective relay detects any imbalance in currents, and trips circuit breakers to isolate the device. The consistent application of the modular principle both in electrical and mechanical design as well as the use of standardized components allows its flexible and compact design. There are different types of devices that help in protecting electrical devices as well as its connections in different areas like industrial, residential, etc. Definition: A device that is used to switch, control and protect the circuits as well as devices. This is anxious about switching as well as interrupting currents under different operating conditions like normal or abnormal. Switches may be manually operated or have motor drives to allow for remote control. The vapor released by the arcing consists of hydrogen gas. So that the equipment can be damaged & the interruption will occur to the operators. Near zero current the arc is not hot enough to maintain a plasma, and current ceases; the gap can then withstand the rise of voltage. Power switchgear includes breakers, disconnect switches, main bus conductors, interconnecting wiring, support structures with insulators, enclosures, and secondary devices for monitoring and control. Switchgear includes switching & protecting devices like fuses, switches, relays, circuit breakers, etc. There are numerous types of electrical substations depending on its nature and power tackling capacities. TYPES OF SWITCHGEAR It is mainly classified into two types the outdoor type and the indoor type if the voltage is above 66kv the output switchgear is used below 66kv indoor type is used the indoor type is of metal clad and is compact because of the compactness the area used is reduced What is a Distribution Transformer : Construction and Its Types, What is Common Gateway Interface : Working and Its Applications, What is a Permanent Magnet Stepper Motor & Its Working, What is a Bus Bar : Types & Their Working, What is Displacement Current : Derivation & Its Properties, What is a Dry Cell : Structure & Its Working, What is a Closed Cycle Gas Turbine & Its Working, What is Linear Induction  Motor : Design & Its Working, What is Modbus : Working & Its Applications, Arduino Projects for Engineering Students, Electronics Interview Questions & Answers, What is Band Stop Filter : Theory & Its Applications, What is Thermoelectric Generator : Working & Its Uses, What is VRLA Battery : Construction & Its Working, What is Residual Magnetism : Types & Its Properties, Wireless Communication Interview Questions & Answers, What is an Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer and Its Working, What is Lead Acid Battery : Types, Working & Its Applications, What is Tan Delta Test : Its Principle and Modes, What is Synchroscope : Circuit Diagram & Its Working, Arduino Uno Projects for Beginners and Engineering Students, Image Processing Projects for Engineering Students, What is a Carbon Composition Resistor & Its Working, Half Adder and Full Adder with Truth Table, MOSFET Basics, Working Principle and Applications, How Does a PID Controller Work? This article will highlight some important things about switchgear. High-voltage switchgear was invented at the end of the 19th century for operating motors and other electric machines. In this type of system, conductors and contacts are insulated by pressurized sulfur hexafluoride gas. The components of power conducting include fuses, switches, circuit breakers, lightning arrestors which are used for interrupting the flow of electric power. These components are connected in a definite sequence such that a circuit can be switched off during normal operation by manual command and also automatically during abnormal conditions such as short-circuit. The quenching of the arc when the circuit breaker pulls apart the contacts (disconnects the circuit) requires careful design. The ABB MNS system is a low voltage switchgear assembly. Oil-filled switchgear equipment allow arc energy to be contained and safely controlled. The switchgear is used for medium voltage applications. It assists in protecting the appliances & electrical machines. This standard provides common rules that are recognized worldwide. These are classified into two types mainly like HV (high voltage) & LV (low voltage). There are a number of methods of construction of substations depending on the switchgear type. Download SGP Notes – 8. Instrumentation and Control Engineering . The power system which deals up to 36 kV is called MV (medium voltage switchgear). Its design is verified in accordance with IEC 61439-1/-2. From three KV to thirty-six KV switchgear systems are sorted as MV switchgear or medium voltage switchgear. Every time in computer network you access the internet or another computer network outside your immediate location, or your messages are sent through a maze of transmission media and connection devices. Switchgear has to perform the function of carrying, making and breaking the normal load current like a switch and it has to perform the function of clearing the fault in addition to that it also has provision of metering and regulating the various parameters of electrical power system. These are classified into … The earliest central power stations used simple open knife switches, mounted on insulating panels of marble or asbestos. The metal-enclosed form is a relatively recent innovation made possible by the use of SF 6 gas and is now widely employed, it is generally referred to as ‘gas-insulated switchgear’. Substation, Its Function And Types An electrical sub-station is an assemblage of electrical components including busbars, switchgear, power transformers, auxiliaries etc. The main functions of this equipment include the following. [16], (German) Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft (ed). 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